Growth denotes an increase in the physical size of the body and development denotes an improvement in the skills and function of an individual. Together they denote the physical, intellectual, emotional and social well-being of a person. Normal growth and development are observed only if there is proper nutrition, without any recurrent episodes of infections and if there is freedom from adverse and environmental influences Genetic inheritance, especially height, weight, mental, social development and personality. Nutrition before and after birth - Retardation in an infant indicates malnutrition. Age Growth rate is maximum during fetal life, the first two years of life and during puberty. Sex - Men usually are larger than women. During puberty, girls grow faster and earlier than boys, but boys grow more. Infections and infestations - Infection with TORCH during intrauterine life retards the growth of the fetus. Recurrent infections like diarrhoea and measles especially in a malnourished child will adversely affect growth.
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